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PIR sensor refers to a kind of sensor which can observe the infrared ray. Infrared ray has no difference to any other types of light but it features in its invisible to human eyes. Besides all life entity with temperature above absolute zero can produce infrared light. Due to the characteristics of infrared ray, it has been applied into many kinds of sensors such as Infrared temperature and humidity sensor, human infrared sensor and so on.

PIR sensor can be divided into different types according to the way they are emitted and the way they are converted into energy. Let's take a look at the working principle and characteristics of different infrared sensors.

Classified by emitting way

It can be divided into active infrared sensor and passive infrared sensor.

Active infrared sensor

The transmitter of the active infrared sensor sends out a modulated infrared beam, which is received by the infrared receiver, thus forming a warning line composed of infrared beam. When encountered leaves, rain, small animals, snow, dust, fog shielding should not alarm, people or a considerable volume of occlusion will alarm.

Active infrared detector technology mainly adopts one-shot, which belongs to linear defense. Now it has developed from the original single beam to multiple beams, and it can also double fire and double receive to reduce the false alarm rate to the maximum, so as to enhance the stability and reliability of the product.

Because infrared belongs to the environmental factors good incoherence (sound in the environment, lightning, vibration, all kinds of artificial light source and electromagnetic interference source, has good incoherence) detection medium; At the same time, it is also a product with good coherence of target factors (only when the target of the infrared beam is blocked, the alarm will be triggered), so the active infrared sensor will be further promoted and applied.

Passive infrared sensor

Passive infrared sensors work depending on detecting infrared radiation emitted by human body. The sensor collects infrared radiation from the outside and then concentrates on the infrared sensor. Infrared sensors usually use pyroelectric components, which will release charge outward when the infrared radiation temperature changes, and generate alarm after detection and processing.

The sensors are designed to detect radiation from the human body. So the radiation sensor must be very sensitive to the infrared radiation of wavelength about 10μm. In order to be sensitive to the human body's infrared radiation, the radiation surface is usually covered with special filters, so that the interference of the environment is obviously controlled.

Classified by the way of energy converting

Photonic infrared sensor

The working principle of photonic infrared sensor is the photon effect of infrared radiation. The photon effect refers to that when the infrared ray radiate to some semiconductor materials, the photon flow in the infrared radiation interacts with the electrons in the semiconductor materials so as to change the energy state of the electrons, thus causing various electrical reactions.

Pyroelectric infrared sensor

Pyroelectric infrared sensor works depending on the thermal effect of infrared radiation to cause the temperature change of components to realize the detection of some parameters, its detection rate and response speed are inferior to photon sensor. And due to its high sensitivity, it has been widely applied in many industries.

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Wholesale PIR Sensor Manufacturer,Motion Sensor,Capacity Sensor Supplier